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KEYS TO THE LEAGUES

THE TEAMS

ANL-  American Negro League 1929.  After the collapse of the ECL in the spring of 1928,  the member teams reemerged in 1929 as the American Negro League. ECL-  Eastern Colored League 1922-1928. On December 16, 1922, the Eastern Colored League (chartered as the Mutual Association of Eastern Colored Baseball Clubs) is formally organized. The league will complete five seasons before folding in midsummer of 1928 IND -  (I) Independent Club, no league affiliation. LCBC - League of Colored Baseball Clubs; formed in 1887 and consisted of eight teams in Baltimore, Boston, Cincinnati, Louisville, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Washington. The league is recognized as an official minor league and protected under baseball's National Agreement, but it folded 13 games into its only season. MSL - Middle States League 1889, a mixed color  league (reorganized as the Eastern Interstate League in 1890) had the New York Gorhams and the Cuban Giants as member clubs. Unfortunately the Eastern Interstate League died mid-season with the Cuban Giants resurfacing in the Connecticut State League. That league also folded (1891) and the Cuban Giants returned to independent status. NAL-  Negro American League 1937-1950. NNL-  Negro National League 1920-1948 NSL-  Negro Southern League 1932 - The Negro Southern League was the only major circuit to complete its schedule in 1932. The NSL was a minor league before and after the 1932 season. NEWL - Negro East West League. Formed in 1932 and folded during its only season. WCNBL- West Coast Negro Baseball League 1946

PRE-NEGRO LEAGUES

Cuban Giants  1885-1889 Independent

Buffalo  International League  1886-1888

Page Fence Giants  1894-1898 Independent

Cuban "X" Giants   1897-1907 Independent

Chicago Union Giants   1901-1904 Independent

Columbia Giants of Chicago  1899-1900

New York Lincoln Giants   1911-1930

Philadelphia Giants  1902-1916

Leland Giants  1905-1910

Royal Poinciana Team  1890s-1920s  Palm Beach Association

BARNSTORMERS & TRAVELING TEAMS:

Many squads hosted Negro players in competition  against major league, minor league, barnstormers, or other Negro League teams. While technically not part of any formal Negro League, the following teams all played a part in the history of Negro baseball :

1945 American All Stars

Ethiopian Clowns

Harlem Globe Trotters

TEAM AFFILIATIONS

Algona Brownies of Iowa (IND) 1902-1903 All Nations Team (IND) 1912-1918 Argyle Hotel Athletics (IND) 1885 Atlanta Black Crackers (IND, NSL, NAL) 1938 Atlantic City Bacharach Giants (IND) 1916-1922, 1930-1933, (ECL) 1923-1928, (ANL) 1929, (NNL) 1934 Baltimore Black Sox (IND) 1916-1922, (ECL) 1923-1928, (ANL) 1929, (I) 1930-1931, (EWL) 1932, (NNL) 1933 1934 Baltimore Elite Giants (NNL) 1938-1948, (NAL) 1949-1950 Birminghham Black Barons (NNL) 1924-1925, 1927-1930, (NSL) 1926, 1931-1936, (NAL) 1937-1938, 1940-1950 Brooklyn Eagles (NNL) 1935 Brooklyn Royal Giants 1905-1942 (I) 1905-1922, 1934-1941, (ECL) 1923-1927, (NNL) 1933 Chicago American Giants 1911-1950 (IND) 1911-1919, 1936, (NNL) 1920-1931, 1933-1935, (NSL) 1932, (NAL) 1937-1950 Columbia Giants of Chicago (I) 1899-1900 Chicago Giants 1910-1921 (I) 1910-1919, (NNL) 1920-1921 Leland Giants (I) 1905-1910 Chicago Unions (I) 1888-1900 Chicago Union Giants (I) 1901-1904 Cincinnati Buckeyes (NAL) 1942 Cincinnati Clowns (NAL) 1943 Cincinnati-Indpls Clowns (NAL) 1944-1945 CincinnatiTigers 1934-1937 (I) 1934-1936, (NAL) 1937 Cleveland Bears (NAL) 1939-1940 Cleveland Browns (NNL) 1924 Cleveland Buckeyes (NAL) 1943-1948, 1950 Cleveland Cubs (NNL) 1931 Cleveland Elites (NNL) 1926 Cleveland Giants (NNL) 1933 Cleveland Hornets (NNL) 1927 Cleveland Red Sox (NNL) 1934 Cleveland Stars (EWL) 1932 Cleveland Tate Stars (NNL) 1922 Cleveland Tigers (NNL) 1928 Cole's American Giants 1932-1935 (NSL) 1932, (NN) 1933-1935 Columbia Giants (I) 1933 Columbus Blue Birds (NNL) 1899-1900 Columbus Buckeyess (NNL) 1921 Columbus Elite Giants (NNL) 1935 Cuban Giants 1885-1899 (I) 1885-1888, 1892-1899, (MSL) 1889-1890, (CSL) 1891 Cuban Stars (East) 1916-1929 (IND) 1916-1922, (ECL) 1923-1928, (ANL) 1929 Cuban Stars (West) 1907-1930 (IND) 1907-1919, (NNL) 1920-1930 Cuban X-Giants (I) 1897-1907 Dayton Marcos 1919-1926 (I) 1921-1925, (NNL) 1919,1926 Detroit Stars 1919-1931 (IND) 1919, (NNL) 1920-1931, 1933, (NAL) 1937 Detroit Wolves (EWL) 1932 Ethiopian Clowns (IND) Harlem Stars Harrisburg Giants 1922-1927 (IND) 1922-1923, (ECL) 1924-1927 Harrisburg-St.Louis Stars (NNL) 1943 Havana Red Sox (I) 1917 Havana Stars (I) 1917 Hilldale Daisies 1916-1932 (IND) 1916-1922, 1930-1931 (ECL) 1923-1928, (ANL) 1929, (EWL) 1932 Homestead Grays 1912-1950 (IND) 1912-1928,1930-1933,1949-1959, (ANL) 1929, (NNL) 1934-1938 Houston Eagles (NAL) 1949-1950 Indianapolis ABCs 1913-1926, 1931-1933, 1938-1939 (IND) 1913-1919, (NNL) 1920-1926,1931,1933, (NSL) 1932, (NAL) 1938-1939 Indianapolis Athletics (NAL) 1937 Indianapolis-Cincinnati Clowns (NAL) 1944 Indianapolis Clowns (NAL) 1943-1950 Indianapolis Crawfords (NAL) 1940 Jacksonville Red Caps (NNL) 1938, 1941-1942 Kansas City Kansas Giants (I) 1909-1915 Kansas City Monarchs 1920-1950 (NNL) 1920-1931, (I) 1932-1936, (NAL) 1937-1950 Little Rock Black Travelers (IND) Long Branch Cubans (I) 1915-1916 Louisville Black Caps (NSL) 1932 Louisville Black Colonels Louisville Buckeyes (NAL) 1949 Louisville White Sox (NNL) 1931 Memphis Red Sox 1923-1950 (IND) 1923, (NNL) 1924-1930, (NSL) 1926,1932, (NAL) 1936-1950 Miami Ethiopian Clowns (IND) Milwaukee Bears (NNL) 1923 Mohawk Giants (IND) 1913-1915 Mobile Black Bears (IND) Monroe Monarchs (NSL) 1932 Montgomery Grey Sox (NSL) 1932 Nashville Elite Giants 1921-1934 (IND) 1921-1925, (NSL) 1926-1929, 1932 (NNL) 1930, 1933-1934 New Orleans Eagles New Orleans-St.Louis Stars 1940-1941 (IND) 1940, (NAL) 1941 New York Black Yankees 1932-1950 (IND) 1932-1950, 1949-1959, (NAL) 1936-1948 New York Cubans 1935-1950 (NNL) 1935-1936, 1939-1948, (NAL) 1949-1950 New York Gorhams (I) 1887-1891 New York Harlem Stars (IND) New York Lincoln Giants 1911-1930 (IND) 1911-1922, 1927,1930, (ECL) 1923-1926, (ANL) 1929 New York Lincoln Stars (IND) 1914-1916 Newark Browns (EWL) 1932 Newark Dodgers 1933-1935 (IND) 1933, (NNL) 1934-1935 Newark Eagles (NNL) 1936-1948 Newark Stars (ECL) 1926 Page Fence Giants (I) 1894-1898 Philadelphia Giants (I) 1902-1916 Philadelphia Pythians (IND) Philadelphia Stars 1933-1950 (IND) 1933, (NNL) 1934-1948, (NAL) 1949-1950 Philadelphia Tigers (ECL) 1928 Pittsburgh Crawfords 1931-1938 (IND) 1931-1932, (NNL) 1933-1938 Pittsburgh Keystones (I) (LCBC) 1887 Pittsburgh Keystones (II) (NNL) 1922 St.Louis Giants 1909-1921 (IND) 1909-1919, (NNL) 1920-1921 St.Louis Stars (I) (NNL) 1922-1931 St.Louis Stars (II) 1937-1943 (NAL) 1937, 1939, 1941 (I) 1940 (NNL) 1943 St.Paul Gophers (I) 1909 Stars of Cuba (I) 1910 Toledo Crawfords (NAL) 1938 Toledo Tigers (NNL) 1923 Washington Black Senators (NNL) 1938 Washington Elite Giants (NNL) 1937-1938 Washington Pilots (EWL) 1932 Washington Potomacs 1923-1924 (IND) 1923, (ECL) 1924 Wilmington Potomacs (ECL) 1925 Zulu Cannibal Giants (I) 1934-1937   The remaining teams listed below may also have hosted colored players, played independently, or played against both Neg: Ligon All-Stars, Houston Buffaloes, House of David, Boston Giants, Bismarck, Acme Giants, Gilkerson's Colored Giants, Muskogee Cardinals, Harlem Queens, Nashville Stars, Hollywood Beavers, Jacksonville Eagles, Brooklyn Cuban Giants, Buchanan All-Stars, New Orleans Creoles, Florida Cubans, San Francisco Cubs, Havana Cuban Giants, Omaha Rockets, New York Harlem Black Yankees,  Havana La Palomas, Cincinnati Crescents, Texas Jasper Steers, Louisiana Travellers, Twin City  Gophers, Ethiopian Clowns. Piney Woods Collegians, San Antonio Black Missions, House of Alexander Wiskered Wizards, Dunseith Giants,  Colored House of David

	Atlanta Black Crackers NAL 1938
	Baltimore Black Sox ECL 1923-1928, ANL 1929, NEWL 1932, NNL 1933-1934
	Baltimore Elite Giants  NNL 1938-1948, NAL 1949-1950
	Birmingham Black Barons NNL 1924-1925, 1927-193 NAL 1937-1938, 1940-1950
	Brooklyn Royal Giants ECL 1923-1927
	Chattanooga Black Lookouts NSL
	Chicago American Giants NNL 1920-1931, 1934-1936, NSL 1932, NAL 1937-1950
	Cincinnati Tigers NAL 1937
	Cleveland Buckeyes NAL 1943-1948, 50
	Dayton Marcos NNL 1920
	Detroit Stars NNL 1920-1931, 1933, NAL 1937
	Detroit Wolves NEWL 1932
	Hilldale Inedpendent, ECL 1923-28 ANL 1929, EWL 1932
	Homestead Grays ANL 1929, NEWL 1932, NNL 1935-1948
See Newark Eagles	HOUSTON EAGLES NAL 1949-1950 New franchise, disbanded during season. Relocated from Newark Eagles
	Indianapolis ABC's NNL 1920-1924, 1925-1926, 1931, NSL 1932
	Indianapolis Clowns NAL 1944, 1946-1950
	Jacksonville Red Caps NAL 1938
	Kansas City Monarchs NNL 1920-1927, 1929-1930, NAL 1937-1950
	Memphis Red Sox NNL 1924-1925, 1927, 1929-1930, NSL 1932, NAL 1937-1940, 1943-1950
	Montgomery Grey Sox NSL Charter franchise, disbanded with league
	Newark Eagles NNL 1936-1948
	New York Black Yankees NNL 1936-1948
	New York Cubans NNL 1935-36, 1939-48, NAL 1949-50
	Nashville Elite Giants NNL 1930, 1933-1934  NSL 1932 Disbanded after 1934, became Columbus Elite Giants in 1935
	Philadelphia Stars NNL 1934-1948, NAL 1949-1950
	Pittsburgh Crawfords Independent 1931-32 NNL 1933-1938
	Saint Louis Stars NNL 1920-1931, 1943 NAL 1937,39,41
	Seattle Steelheads WCNBL 1946
	Washington/Wilmington Potomacs ECL